sasroodkapje
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The battle of Stalingrad
Picture : http://www2.arnes.si/~sarih1/Poglavje.html
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After the narrow failure of Hitler's invasion of Russia in 1941 the German Army no longer had
the strength and resources for a renewed offensive of that year's scale, but Hitler was unwilling
to stay on the defensive and consolidate his gains. So he searched for an offensive solution that
with limited means might promise more than a limited result. No longer having the strength to
attack along the whole front, he concentrated on. the southern part, with the aim of capturing the
Caucasus oil which each side needed if it was to maintain its full mobility. If he could gain that
oil, he might subsequently turn north onto the rear of the thus immobilised Russian armies
covering Moscow, or even strike at Russia's new war-industries that had been established
in the Urals. The 1942 offensive was, however, a greater gamble than thatof the previous
year because, if it were to be checked, the long flank of this southerly drive would be exposed
to a counterstroke anywhere along its thousand-mile stretch.
Source : http://users.pandora.be/stalingrad/allerlei/introduction.html
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Volgograd today..
Here the places of interesting, Memorials, Buildings and locations where the fight took place.
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A site about Volgofrad
Volgograd / Stalingrad : http://www.stalingradtours.com/index.htm
Stalingrad at war : http://www.stalingrad-info.com/photosfromvolgogradarchives.htm
The battle for/in Stalingrad : http://katardat.org/marxuniv/2002-SUWW2/Images/images10-Stalingrad.html
More battle : http://katardat.org/marxuniv/2002-SUWW2/Images/images03.html
Stalingrad | 1942-1943 : http://www.katardat.org/marxuniv/2002-SUWW2/Images/images05-stalingrad.html
Stalingrad | 1942-1943 : http://www.katardat.org/marxuniv/2002-SUWW2/Images/images06-stalingrad.html
Stalingrad at war : http://www.stalingrad-info.com/bunimovich.htm
Map of Stalingrad : http://www.privates-antiquariat.de/stalingrad-karte-stalingrad.jpg
THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR IN PHOTOS : http://www.vor.ru/55/Photo_Exhibition/Pic_eng.html
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The battle of Stalingrad phase on
Picture : stalingrad.com.ru
The idea of a counter-stroke to cut off Paulus's Sixth German Army in Stalingrad was born as early as 12 September in Stalin's office. While Stalin himself remained convinced that the ultimate German objective was an advance up the Volga to Moscow, the fact was that Paulus was out on a limb with his flanks guarded by lesser-quality Roumanian formations, and the idea grew in attraction, especially since it would nip a German offensive northwards in the bud. Reserves were not available to carry out the counter-stroke at an early date, and Soviet attention was diverted by abortive attacks to relieve Leningrad. These began on 19 August and came to an end at the close of September. While they had not achieved their aim, they did forestall a major German assault on the city, one of Hitler's main plans for 1942, and kept German troops tied down who could have been better employed elsewhere. There was also the continued German pressure in the Caucasus and above all, at least in Stalin's eyes, on Stalingrad. The first priority was to prevent that city ailing into German hands. Nevertheless, Zhukov and Vasilievsky commenced planning. During the next month, Chuikov in Stalingrad desperately fought oft fierce German attacks. As he did so, the plan for Operation 'Uranus' began to take shape. It would consist of a deep double envelopment.
Source : http://www.stalingrad.com.ru/history/atlas/phase_one.htm
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The end battle of Stalingrad
Picture : stalingrad.com.ru
The final destruction of the German pocket at Stalingrad was to involve seven armies commanded by Rokossovsky’s Don Front. Three of these were transferred from Yeremenko’s Stalingrad Front, which on 1 January 1943 was renamed the South Front. This was to continue the attacks against von Manstein.
Source : http://www.stalingrad.com.ru/history/atlas/phase_one.htm
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sasroodkapje
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Posts: 2066
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Memorial Mother Russia
Picture : chez.com
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From the Square of Sorrow we begin our walk to the top of the hill to the feet of the main monument – “Mother-Russia calls for!». Along the serpentine, in the ground of the hill, there was made a reburial or the remains of 34 505 soldiers - defenders of Stalingrad, and also there can be found 35 granite tombstones of the Heroes of the Soviet Union, participants of the Stalingrad Battle.
The sculpture “Mother-Russia calls for!” is a compositional center of the whole ensemble, it represents a figure of a woman (its height is 52 meters), rapidly stepping forward. In her right hand she is holding a sword, which is 33 meters long and its weight is 14 tons. Together with the sword the height of the sculpture is 85 meters. The monument is standing on the 16-meters fundamental base. The height of the main monuments speaks of its grand scale and uniqueness. It is enough to mention that its weight is 8 thousand tons. The monument – a modern interpretation of an image of the antic Nikka – goddess of the victory – calls her sons and daughters to resist the enemy and continue advancing onto it.
Despite the impressive sizes, the monument bears liking to a bird flying in the skies. It looks magnificent from all the perspectives in any time of the year: in summer, when the hill is covered with green lawns, and in winter, when the statue, lighted by the rays of projectors, makes a vision of itself raising from the hills and mixing together with the blankets of snow. The monument can be seen not only in the area of Mamayev Hill, it reigns over the whole city and can be noticed from thousands of kilometers afar.
Source : mamayevhill.volgadmin.ru
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http://mamayevhill.volgadmin.ru/09_n.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_Motherland
http://www.russschneider.net/photos/stalingrad.html
http://www.war-memorial.net/mem_det.asp?ID=93
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sasroodkapje
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Posts: 2066
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Pavlov house
Picture : answers.com
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Pavlov's House (??? ??????? - dom Pavlova in Russian) became the name of a well-defended apartment building during the Battle of Stalingrad in 1942-1943. It gained its popular name from Sergeant Yakov Pavlov, who commanded the platoon which first seized the building and which kept defending it throughout the battle.
The building
The house was a four-story building in the city centre of Stalingrad, built parallel to the embankment of the river Volga and overseeing a large square, the "9th January Square". The house was attacked by the German invaders in September 1942. A platoon of the 13th Guards Division was ordered to seize and defend it. The platoon was commanded by Yakov Pavlov, a junior commander replacing his wounded superior. They were successful, although only four men survived the combat. Together they went on defending the building on their own. After several days, reinforcements finally arrived, equipping the defenders with machine-guns, anti-tank rifles and mortars. The men, now a garrison of twenty-five, surrounded the building with barbed wire and minefields, and established anti-tank and machine-gun posts at the windows. For better internal communications and supplies they breached the walls in the basement and upper floors, and dug a communications trench to Soviet positions outside. Supplies were brought in via the trench or by boats crossing the river, defying German air raids and shelling.
Nevertheless food and especially water was in short supply. Lacking beds, the soldiers tried to sleep on insulation wool torn off pipes, yet usually the Germans kept shooting at the house with deafening machine-gun fire day and night. The Germans attacked the building several times a day. Each time German infantry or tanks tried to cross the square and to close in on the house, Pavlov's men took them under heavy fire from within the basement, from the windows and from the roof top. Leaving behind a square covered with corpses and steel, the Germans had to retreat again.
Eventually the defenders, as well as the Russian civilians who kept living in the basement all that time, held out during intensive fighting from 23 September until 25 November 1942, when they were relieved by counter-attacking Soviet forces.
Symbolic meaning
Pavlov's House became a symbol of the stubborn resistance of the Soviet Union in the Battle of Stalingrad, and in the Great Patriotic War in general. It stands out prominently because the German armies had previously conquered cities and entire countries within weeks; yet they were unable to capture a single half-ruined house, defended most of the time by just over a dozen soldiers, in spite of trying for two months. It is reported that the building at the "9th January Square" was marked as a fortress in German maps.
Source : http://www.answers.com/topic/pavlov-s-house
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The Pavlov house lower middle.
Picture : after-hourz.com
Yakov Pavlov.
Picture : http://history.sandiego.edu/gen/st/~colinm/sg/everymanafortress.html
Pavlov house today.
Picture : answers.com
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‘Every Man A Fortress' http://history.sandiego.edu/gen/st/~colinm/sg/everymanafortress.html
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sasroodkapje
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Reged: 05/27/06
Posts: 2066
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The Mill
Picture : virtualtourist.com
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After Stalingrad siege, that lasted almost half a year, all the town lasted in ruines.
There were not a single building left.
One building was preserved in this ruined state as a memorial - the old steam mill.
It was build in XIX c by two german brothers businessmen. And was ruined in 1942 also by germans.
On the background you can see rounded building of the BAttle Panorama.
Source : virtualtourist.com
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sasroodkapje
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The Tractor factory
Picture : flamesofwar.com
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In November, after three months of carnage and slow and costly advance,
the Germans finally reached the river banks,
capturing 90% of the ruined city and splitting the remaining Soviet forces into two narrow pockets.
In addition, ice-floes on the Volga now prevented boats and tugs from supplying the Soviet defenders across the river.
Nevertheless the fighting, especially on the slopes of Mamayev Kurgan and inside the factory area in the northern part of the city,
continued as fiercely as ever.
The battles for the Red October steel factory,
the Dzerzhinsky tractor factory and the Barrikady gun factory became world famous.
While Soviet soldiers defended their positions and took the Germans under fire,
factory workers repaired damaged Soviet tanks and other weapons close to the battlefield,
sometimes on the battlefield itself.
Source : http://www.answers.com/topic/battle-of-stalingrad
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German troops at the factory
Picture : flamesofwar.com
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http://phillumeny.onego.ru/labels/russian/farmbuild/page6/page6.html
http://army-guide.com/eng/firm.php?firmID=607
http://tripr0.tripod.com/russia_and_mongolia/thumbnails/600x450/18350181.JPG
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sasroodkapje
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Main entrance Tractor factory
Picture : http://serbianguard.com/efotke4-1big.htm
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The first tractor came off the assembly line in 1930, when it was still called the Stalingrad Tractor Factory.
By the time they celebrated their 10-year anniversary in 1940,
they had produced over 200,000 tractors (over half of the tractors in the USSR at that time.) During the war,
the factory was converted,
workers were given rudimentary military training, and the factory began producing T-34 tanks for the Red Army.
Source : http://www.reachvolgograd.org/
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The entrance today.
Picture : 2wheels.org.uk
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http://www.reachvolgograd.org/glance.htm
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sasroodkapje
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the Grain Elevator
Picture : detektorwb.cz
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Fighting on Mamayev Kurgan, a prominent, blood-soaked hill above the city, was particularly merciless.
The height changed hands many times.
During one Soviet counter-attack, they lost an entire division of 10,000 men in one day.
At the Grain Elevator, a huge grain processing complex dominated by a single enormous silo,
combat was so close that Soviet and German soldiers could hear each other breathe.
Combat raged there for weeks until the German army reduced the opposition.
Source : Wikipedia
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http://www.stalingrad-info.com/546.JPG
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Ariel picture of the silo.
pictures : http://www.chez.com/barbarossa/his3.html
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sasroodkapje
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The train station
Picture : /monument.volgadmin.ru
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a record from the diary of 62nd Army, describing the intensity of fighting for the Central Station in Stalingrad, which changed hands fifteen times: "0800 Station in enemy hands. 0840 Station recaptured. 0940 Station retaken by enemy. 1040 Enemy ... 600 meters from Army command post … 1320 Station in our hands."
"At the Central Station, a battalion of Soviet Guardsmen dug in behind smashed railroad cars and platforms. Bombed and shelled, 'the station buildings were on fire, the walls burst apart, the iron buckled'. The survivors moved to a nearby ruin where, tormented by thirst, they fired at drainpipes to see if any water would drip out. During the night, German sappers blew up the wall separating the room holding the Russians from the German-held part of the building and threw in grenades. An attack cut the battalion in two and the headquarters staff was trapped inside the Univermag department store where the battalion commander was killed in hand-to-hand fighting. The last forty men of the battalion pulled back to a building on the Volga. They set up a heavy machine-gun in the basement and broke down the walls at the top of the building to prepare lumps of stone and wood to hurl at the Germans. They had no water and only a few pounds of scorched grain to eat. After five days, a survivor wrote, 'the basement was full of wounded; only twelve men were still able to fight'. The battalion nurse was dying of a chest wound. A German tank ground forward and a Russian slipped out with the last antitank rifle rounds to deal with it. He was captured by German machine gunners. Apparently, he persuaded his captors that the Russians had run out of ammunition, because the Germans 'came impudently out of their shelter, standing up and shouting'. The last belt of machine-gun cartridges was fired into them and 'an hour later they led our anti-tank rifleman on to a heap of ruins and shot him in front of our eyes'. More squat German tanks appeared and reduced the building with point-blank fire. At night, six survivors of the battalion freed themselves from the rubble and struggled to the Volga."
Source : http://zhukov.mitsi.com/Stalingrad.htm
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The history of the station : http://www.anastasya.com/volgograd_history.shtml
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sasroodkapje
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Volgograd State panoramic museum
Picture : monument.volgadmin.ru
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Volgograd State Panoramic Museum “Stalingrad Battle” has lead its life from the Museum of Defense of Tsaritsyn named after Stalyn, and it was opened on the 3rd of January of 1937. In 1948 it was renamed in Museum of Defense of Tsaritsyn-Stalingrad, in 1963-1982 it became Volgograd State Defense Museum, and in 31 of May of 1982 it turned out to be Volgograd State Panoramic Museum “Stalingrad Battle”.
Source : http://panorama.volgadmin.ru/opis_eng.html
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The museum : http://panorama.volgadmin.ru/opis_eng.html
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sasroodkapje
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picture : monument.volgadmin.ru
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sasroodkapje
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picture : monument.volgadmin.ru
picture : kprf.tele-kom.ru
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sasroodkapje
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T - 34
T 34 in front of the tractor factory
Picture : reachvolgograd.org
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Engineer M. I. Koshkin became chief designer at the Kharkov Locomotive Factory in November 1937. He started to build a wheel/track medium tank that had shell safe armor. It was designated the A-20. Work on it continued into 1938. Another project for a medium tanks was started. It was initially designated the A-32 and then later changed to T-32. It had a 76.2 mm gun whereas the A-20 had a 45 mm gun. The armor was also thicker.
In August 1938 the High War Council, let by People's Commissar for Defense, K. J. Voroshilov, discussed the A-20 and T-32. Many on the Council disliked the T-32. In July 1939, the Kharkov Locomotive Factory had completed the prototypes for the A-20 and T-32. They were both then tested and it was decided to go with the T-32. On December 19, 1939, the People's Commissariat for Defense released the T-32 to the Red Army. It was soon designated the T-34.
Source : http://www.wwiivehicles.com/ussr/tanks_medium/t34.html
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http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-34
http://www.europa1939.com/tanques/tanques/t34.html
http://www.saunalahti.fi/veijju/tankit/tank6.html
http://mailer.fsu.edu/~akirk/tanks/NKorea/NorthKorea.html
T 34 found in Latvia, http://www.geocities.com/military_archeology/tanks_ru.htm
http://www.flamesofwar.com/Article.asp?ArticleID=919
http://www.e-zine.com.cn/yuekan/top/first/allied/ussr/3/t3476.asp
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sasroodkapje
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KATYUSHA at the State panoramic museum
Picture : stalingrad-info.com
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The Katyusha rocket is not just one type of rocket, but could be seen as a whole range of different artillery rockets.
The Katyusha rocket launcher played an important part during the local wars and conflicts in the Middle East, the rockets were used by almost al the parties in Lebanon.
The Katyusha (Little Katie) rocket is from Soviet origin. Already halfway thirties the NII-3(currently the Federal Missile Construction Center) started with the development of combat rockets designed for the Soviet Air Force; the 82mm ROS-82 fragmentation rocket for fighters and the 132mm ROS-132 for bombers.
In this time there was a technical exchange program between the Soviets and the Nazis. After the Germans started with the development of the six-barreled Nebelwerfer rocket mortar in 1936, this became known soon by the Soviet authorities, which ordered the NII-3 to develop their own artillery rockets. The NII-3 developed two major versions of Multiple Rocket Launchers (MRLS) the 82mm BM-8 and the 132mm BM-13. Both types were developed to carry chemical and incendiary warheads, and were mounted on the ZIS 5 and ZIS 6 trucks.
Source : http://www.veteranen.info/~cedarsouthlebanon/kat/kateng.htm
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katyusha
http://www.answers.com/topic/katyusha
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/katyusha.htm
http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/katyusha.htm
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sasroodkapje
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picture : home.kc.rr.com
picture : volganet.ru
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sasroodkapje
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picture : home.kc.rr.com
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sasroodkapje
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Embankment after the war
pictures : monument.volgadmin.ru
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sasroodkapje
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picture : monument.volgadmin.ru
picture : stalingrad-info.com
picture : stalingrad-info.com
The fontain is removed after the war.
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http://www.chez.com/barbarossa/his.html
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ben_and_his_bong
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What a fascinating and informative post! Thank you  Kudos! 
Peace
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sasroodkapje
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Vasily Grigoryevich Zaitsev
Picture : thirdreich.net/Enemy_Gates2
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Captain Vassili Grigoryevich Zaitsev (March 23, 1915 – December 15, 1991) was a Soviet sniper during World War II who between November 10 and December 17, 1942 during the Battle of Stalingrad killed 114 soldiers and officers of the Wehrmacht and other Axis armies, including 11 enemy snipers. His military rank at the time was Junior Lieutenant. By the end of the war, Zaitsev had made 242 verified kills (some sources put the number at 400).
Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasily_Grigoryevich_Zaitsev
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Sniper Rifle Mosin 1891 30
Picture : http://www.adamsguns.com/
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Edited by sasroodkapje (09/30/07 12:50 PM)
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sasroodkapje
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red october steel factory
Picture : vmzko.ru
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On the 27th of September German forces launched yet another attack to destroy the Russian salient which reached westwards from the Volga in the industrial sector in the north of the city. The capture of the Red October steelworks, the Barrikady armaments factory, the Lazure Chemical works and the Dzerzhinsky tractor plant were the objectives of this new attack. However Russian forces pre-empted the German offensive with spoiling attacks in the area of the Mamayev Kurgan. The 389th Infantryivision attacked the Barrikady workers apartments, while the 24th Panzer Division advanced towards the Red October factory. Further south 100th Jager Division recaptured the summit of the Mamayev Kurgan. On the 28th of September, yet another Russian counter attack on the Kurgan threw German forces off of the summit. That night two Regiments of the 193rd Rifle and 39th Guards Rifle Divisions crossed the river to help reinforce the city.
On the 29th of September, German forces began to reduce the Russian salient in the north of the city. The village of Orlovka was attacked by the 389th Infantry and 60th Motorized Divisions simultaneously. In addition the 94th Infantry and 14th Panzer Division's were also moved up from the south of the city to support the attack. That night the 39th Guards Rifle Division crossed the river to reinforce the Red October steelworks.
Source : http://www.theeasternfront.co.uk/Battles/battlestalingrad.htm
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Overlooking the red october steel factory.
Picture : wiley2-5fa.com
Overlooking the red october steel factory today.
Picture : wiley2-5fa.com
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