Google Earth Community: Hungarians in Transylvania

In KMZ you will find an ethnical maps' overlay collection of Transylvania and central Europe.
The last map shows the relationship between the number of hungarian minority and the Vienna Award II .

CHECK OVERLAYS ONE BY ONE!

(this post belongs to my Great - Hungary topic, just as THIS one.)
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According to the 1910 census , of a Transylvanian population of 5.2 million, 32 per cent were Hungarians. Many Hungarians left Transylvania due to political, economic, or historic reasons. Since 1970s it is estimated that more than one hundred thousand Hungarians left Transylvania. The ethnic Hungarian party in Romania claims that 650,000 Hungarians from Romania left since 1919. The changes in ethnic structure of the urban population of Transylvania have been more drastic. Since 1930, the Hungarian population of Transylvanian towns - including Arad, Timisoara, Brasov, Petroiani, Aiud, Cluj, Oradea, Satu-Mare and Targu-Mures - have in most places halved. As a result today Romanians make up 74 per cent of the Transylvanian population, an increase of 20 per cent since 1910. During communism and especially after Nicolae Ceausescu came to power in 1965, Romanian feared that Hungarians from Transylvania might ask for secession. Due both to its size and to its strong ties to Hungarian culture, the Hungarians in Transylvania have been a particular victim of Ceausescu's "homogenisation." Hungarians have resisted the "solution of emigration." (Germans have emigrated in large numbers). Ethnic Hungarians used to be referred to as "Hungarian-speaking Romanians," in an effort to detract further from their separate identity. In the 1980s, the Romanian state attempted assimilation and tried to deprive the Hungarians of their sense of cultural and linguistic identity.

Today the Hungarians (Magyars, Szeklers) in Transylvania are a national minority. As a matter of fact 99% of Hungarians in Romania live in: Transylvania. Hungarians in Transylvania practice three religions: Roman Catholic, Calvinist and Unitarian. Hungarians live in 16 counties of Transylvania, where out of a total population of 7.7 million, they make up 20.8 per cent. Around 700,000 Hungarians live in the counties of Harghita and Covasna alone - in central Romania and the eastern part of Transylvania - where they constitute between 80 per cent to 95 per cent of the population. However, the number of Hungarians in Transylvania is declining. web page

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Second Vienna Award
By this award, on August 30, 1940, Germany and Italy compelled Romania to give/return half of Transylvania (an area henceforth known as "North Transylvania") to Hungary. This decision was taken not so much to do justice as to win Hungary for German war aims. In reversing a major element of the Treaty of Trianon, it, like Trianon, granted a multiethnic area to another country, caused massive migration of populations from both sides, and sundered old socioeconomic units.

Besides the Second Vienna Award as such, on September 7, under the Treaty of Craiova, the Cadrilater or "Quadrilateral" (southern Dobrudja) was returned by Romania to Bulgaria.

Datas of the Vienna Award II. (according to the 1941. census):
Regained Territory (km²): 43.104
Population (inhabitants): 2.460.000
Rate of hungarians: 54,6 %

In South-Transylvania an estimated number of 400.000 hungarians has been left.
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Edited by syzygy (02/17/08 04:27 AM)

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