Hi,
Have the answer for the Temple prison in Paris.
Here is a web page for the story of the place :
http://www.templiers.org/paris-eng.htmlFor short : the place was built in 1240 for the needs of the rapidly growing order of the Temple. Was transformed in a prison in 1792, the royal family was held in there. Napolon ordered its destruction in 1808. The actual garden was designed by Alphand in 1857.
By the way, the Rue des Neuf Fiancees in Paris seems to come from the imagination of P.O'Brian.
Hope this helps