I've just done another update, tidied up the locations of the kingdoms and empires, but I'm having to do a lot of guesswork on areas I can't get maps or sources from. I'm putting together the asian and middle east campaigns for the next update.

Hi!

I just want to say that the "Gran" placemark should be named Esztergom. Gran is the German name of the city, but it was never called Gran in Hungary. At that time the latin Strigonium was used in official documents etc. Can the placemark be renamed?

Oh, the City itself was destroyed by the Mongols, but the castle was never taken by them. The people survived in the castle. The Mongols crossed the frozen Danube here during winter and burned down the rest of the city. At that time Esztergom had the population of 12000, and after the war it was almost unpopulated, so the national capital had to be moved to Buda by King B�la IV.

Thank you Villy for the correction, I've made the changes to the city name and updated it. In a short while I'm hoping to finish the European Mongol campaign in 1242 that reach near Vienna. I've also made big changes to the Xi Xia Dynasty, got a good book with references to the cities of the time and extent of the empires domains.

This is realy a good idea to highlight the history of one of the oldest city of Pakistan.

Hi Mirmillo!
The Mongol Empire was the largest contiguous land empire in history, covering over 33 million km� (12 million square miles) at its peak, with an estimated population of over 100 million people. It was also the second largest empire in history, after the British Empire. The Mongol Empire was founded by Genghis Khan in 1206, and at its height, it encompassed the majority of the territories from East Asia to Central Europe. Genghis Khan was a Mongol political and military leader or Khan who united the Mongol tribes and founded the Mongol Empire the largest contiguous empire in world history. Genghis Khan was born 1162 yr. In his early childhood, he learned how to ride a horse. Later when he was six years old, he was allowed to participate in hunting expeditions with his clan/tribe. At around the age of nine, his tribal leader father was poisoned and he and his household were driven away by his clan that thought he was too young to rule. Taught by his mother, he became leader of his family and learned how to care for and protect others which would later be important for controlling an empire.
Born in the Borjigin clan, he forged a powerful army based on merit to become one of the most significant and successful military leaders in history. While his image in some regions of the world has traditionally been that of a ruthless and bloodthirsty conqueror, Genghis Khan is an iconic and beloved figure in Mongolia, where he is seen as the father of the Mongol Nation. Before becoming a Khan, Temuujin eliminated and united many of the nomadic tribes of north East Asia and Central Asia under a social identity as the "Mongols."
During its existence, the Pax Mongolica facilitated cultural exchange and trade between the East, West, and the Middle East in the period of the 13th and 14th centuries. The Mongol Empire established commercial and political connections between the Eastern and Western areas of the world that have remained to the present day. Before the Mongol Empire people in China had never heard of Europe and the people of Europe had never heard of China.
The Mongol Empire was ruled by the Khan. After the death of Munkh Khan, it split into four parts (the Yuan Dynasty, Il-Khans, Chagatai Khanate and Golden Horde), each of which was ruled by its own Khan.
In the middle of his life when he was in his 40s or 50s, after creating the Mongol nation, Genghis Khan set out on conquests and defeated the Jin Dynasty. He learned much from the Chinese including siege warfare. He also used diplomacy. However, in the case of the Khwarizmi Empire, diplomacy failed, and he resolved the situation with warfare. Through these means, Genghis Khan created one of the most powerful empires in history. Starting with the invasion of Western Xia and Jin Dynasty in northern China and consolidating through numerous conquests including the Khwarizmi Empire in Persia, Mongol rule across the Eurasian landmass radically altered the demography and geopolitics of these areas. The Mongol Empire ended up ruling, or at least briefly conquering, large parts of modern day China, Mongolia, Russia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Iraq, Iran, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Moldova, South Korea, North Korea, and Kuwait.
Genghis Khan died in 1227 for reasons that remain unclear. His sons and grandsons controlled the empire after his death and the empire grew and endured for over 150 years.

Hi Mirmillo and welcome to Google Earth!

Thank you for your effort.

Hi Sachko

Thank you for your great info. However this phrase is doubtful:

Quote:

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Before the Mongol Empire people in China had never heard of Europe and the people of Europe had never heard of China.

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Archeologist found British type woven samples on burried people in the steppes who are believed to be tradesmen between the west and the east. I dont remember the details. Maybe, someone can help in this. But it should be BC.

Also, there are clues that migrating Turkic clans were somehow in contact with each other. There are records by Roman writers about the Huns (although the list about Huns in wikipeia says it is controversial, the controversy is due to the facts being newly discovered or recieved their meanings).

And these were long before the Mongol Empire.

Hello tekgergedan

It's not the same thing you are thalking about but maybe it helps.

Sino-Roman relations

Greetings Felippo

That's a great info Felippo. I did not expect it be in wiki pages; mostly when I search something there, I found almost everything incomplete.

You are right it is not the same thing. I am sure the archeologist had no idea why those people had been burried there and who they had been. Not much detail is left in my memory but I clearly remember these. How little we know about our past... and how internet still is not able to catch recent developments (maybe the Google Earth Outreach can help).

Thanks for all the replies guys, I haven't had much time with university the past few months, but now I'm back to try and finish this project. I've updated the kml with many corrections and some new campaigns. Got to hit the library now and do some more research. . If anyone spots something that is incorrect or needs to be added please let me know.


ps. I'm hoping to do another one of these detailing the Persian Achaemenid Empire next.